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安(an)防監控系統傳輸光纖(xian)的分類(lei)
時間:2019-09-07 來源:成都萬全電子 瀏覽(lan):1726次
安防監控系統傳輸光纖(xian)的分類_成(cheng)都萬全電(dian)子
如今在安防監控系統中,光纖是所有傳輸方式中帶寬型號極好的一種傳輸方式。不僅傳輸距離遠,而且遠距離傳輸的時候不會使信號發生任何形式的畸變,更不會有損圖像畫面的清晰度。因此,光纖傳輸被普遍適用于安防監控系統工程中。今天我們就來說說,安防監控系統傳輸光纖的分類。
安(an)防監控系統光纖的分類
光(guang)纖(xian)可以按使用(yong)場景的不同而(er)分(fen)(fen)類,也(ye)可以按照敷設(she)方式分(fen)(fen)類,還可以按照光(guang)纖(xian)結構和用(yong)途分(fen)(fen)類。不過(guo)大多(duo)(duo)數情況下,我(wo)們按照光(guang)纖(xian)的傳輸方式紛(fen)紛(fen)分(fen)(fen)類單模光(guang)纖(xian)和多(duo)(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian)。
光纖(xian)(xian)根據使用場合的不同,分為室內光纖(xian)(xian),室外光纖(xian)(xian),分支(zhi)光纖(xian)(xian),配線光纖(xian)(xian)。
按(an)敷(fu)設方式分(fen):自承(cheng)重架(jia)空光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、管道光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、鎧裝(zhuang)地埋光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)和海底(di)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)。
按光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)結構分:束(shu)管式光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、層絞式光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、骨架式光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、緊抱式光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)、帶式光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian),非金(jin)屬光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)和(he)可(ke)分支光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)。
按用(yong)途分:長途通訊用(yong)光纖(xian)(xian),短途室(shi)外光纖(xian)(xian),混合光纖(xian)(xian)和建筑物內用(yong)光纖(xian)(xian);
單模(mo)光纖和多模(mo)光纖
根(gen)據傳輸(shu)方式(shi)分(fen)類:光纖根(gen)據傳輸(shu)方式(shi)可分(fen)為單模和多模,監控一般使用單模光纖。
單模光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖:只傳(chuan)輸(shu)一種模式光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信號(hao)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖,常(chang)規(gui)有G.652,G.653,G.654,G.655等(deng)傳(chuan)輸(shu)等(deng)級(ji)分類,單模光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖傳(chuan)輸(shu)百兆(zhao)信號(hao)距離(li)可達幾十(shi)公里(li)。單模光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖,只傳(chuan)輸(shu)主模,也就(jiu)是說光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線只沿(yan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的(de)(de)內(nei)芯進行傳(chuan)輸(shu),由于(yu)完全避(bi)免了模式射散(san)使(shi)(shi)得單模光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸(shu)頻帶很寬,因而適用于(yu)大(da)容量(liang),長(chang)(chang)距離(li)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖通訊,單模光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)波長(chang)(chang)1310nm或1550nm。
多(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian):能傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模式光(guang)信(xin)號的(de)光(guang)纖(xian),為G.651等級,根據光(guang)模式分為OM1,OM2,OM3,多(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)百兆信(xin)號最遠傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距(ju)離2公里。多(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian),在一(yi)定的(de)工作波長(chang)下,有多(duo)個(ge)模式在光(guang)纖(xian)中(zhong)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu),這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)光(guang)纖(xian)稱之(zhi)為多(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian),由于色散(san)或(huo)像差,因此這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)光(guang)纖(xian)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)性能較差頻(pin)帶比(bi)(bi)較窄,傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)容量比(bi)(bi)較小(xiao),距(ju)離也比(bi)(bi)較短。
選擇光纖的(de)注意事(shi)項
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的選(xuan)用除(chu)了(le)根(gen)據(ju)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖芯數和光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖種類,還要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的使用來選(xuan)擇光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的外護套(tao),在選(xuan)用時要(yao)注意以下幾點:
1.戶(hu)外用光(guang)纖直埋時,宜選鎧(kai)裝光(guang)纖,架空時,可選用兩根或多根加(jia)強筋的黑色(se)塑料(liao)外護套的光(guang)纖。
2.建筑(zhu)物內用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)纖在選用(yong)(yong)時應(ying)該注意其阻(zu)燃,毒和煙的(de)(de)(de)特性,一(yi)般在管(guan)道中和強制通風處(chu),可選用(yong)(yong)阻(zu)燃和有煙的(de)(de)(de)類(lei)型(xing),暴露的(de)(de)(de)環境中應(ying)選用(yong)(yong)阻(zu)燃、無煙和無毒的(de)(de)(de)類(lei)型(xing)。
3.樓內垂直布(bu)線(xian)時,可選(xuan)用(yong)層絞式光(guang)纖;水(shui)平布(bu)線(xian)式,可選(xuan)用(yong)分支光(guang)纖。
4.傳(chuan)輸距離在2km以(yi)內(nei)的(de)可選(xuan)用多模光纖(xian);超過2km可選(xuan)用中(zhong)繼或單模光纖(xian)。
以上(shang)是從(cong)光纖的應用(yong)層面選擇上(shang)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)注意的一些問題,在實際應用(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)靈(ling)活選擇。另外,由于安(an)裝(zhuang)現(xian)場環境復(fu)雜,這(zhe)更(geng)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)我們在前(qian)期方(fang)案設計時做(zuo)好前(qian)期現(xian)場勘(kan)察,同(tong)時在施工(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)一定要(yao)(yao)按(an)照布線標準實施。靈(ling)活運用(yong),靈(ling)活分析,才能將安(an)防監控系統工(gong)程(cheng)做(zuo)好。