亚洲精品成人一区二区aⅴ-亚洲精品成人一区二区www-亚洲精品成人在线-亚洲精品第一国产综合野-国产日韩久久久精品影院首页-国产日韩久久久久69影院

安防監(jian)控(kong)系統組成原理幫你加(jia)強

    安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是一門(men)被人(ren)們日(ri)益重視(shi)的新興專業(ye)，就目前發展(zhan)(zhan)看，應用普及越(yue)來越(yue)廣(guang)，科技含量越(yue)來越(yue)高(gao)。幾乎所有高(gao)新科技都可促進(jin)其發展(zhan)(zhan)，尤其是信息時(shi)代(dai)的來臨，更為(wei)該專業(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)提供(gong)契機(ji)。但就監(jian)控(kong)(kong)業(ye)界而言，系(xi)(xi)統(tong)組(zu)成(cheng)一直沒得(de)到(dao)(dao)明確的劃分，這使工程(cheng)商和用戶之間(jian)談到(dao)(dao)安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)時(shi)溝(gou)通很不方便。

　　對于安(an)(an)防監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，根(gen)據(ju)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)各部分功(gong)能的(de)不同，我們(men)將(jiang)整個安(an)(an)防監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)劃分為(wei)七層(ceng)——表現層(ceng)、控(kong)制層(ceng)、處理層(ceng)、傳輸(shu)層(ceng)、執行層(ceng)、支撐層(ceng)、采集(ji)層(ceng)。當然，由于設(she)備(bei)集(ji)成化越來(lai)越高(gao)，對于部分系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而(er)言，某些(xie)設(she)備(bei)可能會同時以多個層(ceng)的(de)身(shen)份存(cun)在(zai)于系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中安(an)(an)防監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。

　　一、表現層

　　表現(xian)城是我們最直觀感受(shou)到的，它展現(xian)了整個安防監控系統的品質。如監控電視墻、監視器(qi)、高音報警(jing)喇叭、報警(jing)自動駁接電話等等都屬(shu)于這一(yi)層。

　　二、控制層

　　控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層是(shi)(shi)整個(ge)安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的核心(xin)，它(ta)是(shi)(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)科技水平的最明確體現。通常我們的控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)有兩種——模(mo)擬(ni)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)數字控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。模(mo)擬(ni)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)早期的控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，其控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臺通常由控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器或者模(mo)擬(ni)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矩陣(zhen)構成，適用于(yu)小型(xing)局部(bu)安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，這(zhe)種控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)成本(ben)較低，故(gu)障率較小。但對于(yu)中大型(xing)安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)而言，這(zhe)種方(fang)式(shi)(shi)就顯得操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)復雜且(qie)無任何價(jia)格(ge)(ge)優勢了，這(zhe)時我們更為明智的選擇(ze)應該(gai)是(shi)(shi)數字控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。數字控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)將工(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)為監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)核心(xin)，它(ta)將復雜的模(mo)擬(ni)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)變(bian)為簡單的鼠標點(dian)擊操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，將巨大的模(mo)擬(ni)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器堆疊縮小為一個(ge)工(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)，將復雜而數量龐大的控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)纜變(bian)為一根串行電(dian)話線。它(ta)將中遠(yuan)程監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)變(bian)為事實、為Internet遠(yuan)程監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)提(ti)供可(ke)能。但數字控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也不(bu)是(shi)(shi)那么十(shi)全(quan)十(shi)美，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主機(ji)(ji)的價(jia)格(ge)(ge)十(shi)分(fen)昂(ang)貴、模(mo)塊浪費的情況、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)能出(chu)現全(quan)線崩(beng)潰(kui)的危機(ji)(ji)、控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較為滯后等(deng)等(deng)問題仍然存在安防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。

　　三、處理層

　　處(chu)理層或(huo)許該稱為音視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)處(chu)理層，它將有傳輸(shu)層送過來的音視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)信號加(jia)(jia)以(yi)(yi)分配(pei)、放(fang)大、分割等等處(chu)理，有機的將表現層與控(kong)制層加(jia)(jia)以(yi)(yi)連接(jie)。音視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)分配(pei)器(qi)、音視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)放(fang)大器(qi)、視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)分割器(qi)、音視頻(pin)(pin)(pin)切換器(qi)等等設備都屬于這一層。

　　四、傳輸層

　　傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)層相當(dang)于安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)脈。在(zai)小(xiao)型安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)中，我(wo)(wo)們(men)最常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)層設備是(shi)(shi)視頻線(xian)、音頻線(xian)，對(dui)于中遠程(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)而(er)言，我(wo)(wo)們(men)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)射頻線(xian)、微波，對(dui)于遠程(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)而(er)言，我(wo)(wo)們(men)通(tong)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)Internet這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)廉(lian)價(jia)載體。值得一(yi)提的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，新出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)層介(jie)質(zhi)——網(wang)線(xian)/光纖。大多數(shu)(shu)人在(zai)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)上存在(zai)一(yi)個誤區，他們(men)認為控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)層使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)就是(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)了(le)，其實不然(ran)。純數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)介(jie)質(zhi)一(yi)定是(shi)(shi)網(wang)線(xian)或光纖。信號從采集層出來(lai)時，就已(yi)經調制(zhi)成數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)信號了(le)，數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)信號在(zai)目前已(yi)趨成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)絡(luo)上跑，理論(lun)上是(shi)(shi)無衰減的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)(zhe)就保證遠程(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)圖(tu)像的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無損(sun)失顯示，這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)模擬(ni)(ni)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)無法比擬(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)然(ran)，高(gao)性能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回報也需要高(gao)成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)，這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)純數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)無法普(pu)及最重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因之一(yi)安(an)(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)。

　　五、執行層

　　執(zhi)行(xing)層是我(wo)們控(kong)制指令的命令對(dui)象，在(zai)某(mou)些時候(hou)，它(ta)和我(wo)們后面所說的支撐誠、采集層不太好截然分開，我(wo)們認為(wei)受(shou)控(kong)對(dui)象即為(wei)執(zhi)行(xing)層設備(bei)。比如：云臺、鏡頭、解碼器、球等安防監(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)。

　　六、支撐層

　　顧名思義(yi)，支撐層(ceng)(ceng)是用于后端設備(bei)的支撐，保護和支撐采集(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)、執行層(ceng)(ceng)設備(bei)。它包括支架(jia)、防護罩等等輔助設備(bei)。

　　七、采集層

　　采集層是整個安防監控系統品質好壞的關鍵因素，也是系統成本開銷最大的地方。它包括鏡頭、攝像機、報警傳感器等安防監控系統。